Intralipid Infusion is the Current Favorite of Gynecologists for Immunotherapy.

Aspects of the immunological relationship between mother and conceptus still remain a mystery, although the recent advances in molecular biology have enlightened some of the parameters that participate in feto-maternal cross-talk during implantation. The atypical expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC), the specific roles of some hormones and cytokines, as well as the temporal and spatial distributions of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells, represent substantive parameters of feto-maternal immunotolerance during implantation [1]. Although human maternal and fetal immunology is difficult to investigate, aberrant immune responses and an imbalanced cytokine network may be related to infertility, implantation failures after IVF, and recurrent pregnancy losses [2]. Patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) should be tested for inherited and acquired thrombophilias. Each patient should be individually assessed and counseled regarding management with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). Empirical treatment with LMWH, aspirin, or corticosteroids is not effective for women with RIF who have negative thrombophilic tests [3]. If thrombophilic tests are normal, patients should be tested for immunological causes. The findings of a recent study suggest that increases in the percentage of CD56(dim) cells and NK cytotoxicity in peripheral blood may be important contributing factors for both RSA and IVF failure [4]. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQA1*0505 sharing or the maternal killer Gautam N Allahbadia is the Editor-in-chief of the Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology of India as well as the IVF Lite (Journal of Minimal Stimulation IVF) and Medical Director at Rotunda-The Center For Human Reproduction, Mumbai, India & New Hope IVF, Sharjah, UAE.